Cable TV Access: Untapped Potential

 
First of Two Parts

Special to Review Magazine

     
Metro Saginaw has another chance to promote public access television. Non-profits and churches have had access to tell their stories ever since the original cable franchise
agreement with City Hall back in 1986.

 
But in the Charter Communications service area, originally Cox Cable territory, the screen for Channel 16 usually is blank.
    
 Charter Communications has not promoted cable access. In turn, community groups have not submitted videotapes for promotion.
     
A new state law promotes access. If the Saginaw community responds, the public could see a stream of infomercial type advertisements that would encourage viewers to contribute more time and money and attendance to various worthy causes.
    
United Way. Red Cross. Teen Challenge. Underground Railroad. NAACP. Salvation Army. And so on. St. Stephen Catholic. Bethel AME. St. Paul Lutheran. Zion Baptist. St. Paul Episcopal. ColemanTemple Church of God in Christ. State Street United Methodist. And so on.
   
  Or how about a video from downtown's summer Friday Night Live? The Cinco de Mayo Parade. The African Cultural Festival. The West Side Arts Fair.
    
 That's not the end of it. A musical or theater group could show their stuff for free, similar in a way to YouTube on the Internet. Public access need not be boring.
    
  Local artists can display their talents on
cable access as long as they don't directly solicit financial profit.
   
  Cable television public access in Saginaw is unfulfilled. Flip to Channel 16. By and large, you'll see the words 'Sony DVD Player' bouncing across the empty screen; but no DVD.
    
Hundreds of non-profits and churches and local artists could promote themselves on the air through public access, even if Charter Communications wasn't helping as much as they might like; but few have taken the initiative to do so.
     
Public access would provide funding for cameras and editing technology that local churches and non-profits can ill afford.

Funding for cable access
     
An opportunity for improvement for the thriving and vibrant public access that advocates envisioned during the 1980s comes through Michigan Public Act 480. This is the Uniform Video Services Local Franchise Act, which took effect in January.

 
As a result of the new law, updated cable franchise pacts are going to local communities for approval. Act 480 sets an April deadline, but City Attorney Tom Fancher says Saginaw has until December because of a temporary franchise contract extension with Charter Communications that the City Council approved last summer.
     
Fancher's explanation is good news because it will give cable access advocates more time to interact with the City Council and staff, more time to push for a better public channel.
    
 First things first: Local authorities still will have virtually no control over cable prices and services. This is yet another example of the deregulation trend that started under President Ronald Reagan during the 1980s. In fact, critics are protesting that cable customers now will have to take complaints to the Michigan Public Service Commission, instead of to their local elected officials.
    
 Local governing units will continue to collect 5 percent of gross cable revenues. In the city of Saginaw's case, Fancher says the sum came to about $470,000 last year through a combination of quarterly payments.
    
 Communities have the option to place some or all of that cash into cable TV public access, but they aren't required to do so. Non-profits and churches have aired scant interest, and so the result has been inevitable. Saginaw leaders instead are using the money to bolster police, fire and other basics.
    
 Act 480's window comes through a factor known among cable access advocates as PEG, which is shorthand for Public, Education and Government. Each entity has an existing access channel. In the city of Saginaw they are Channel 16 for public access, Channel 3 for education access and Channel 15 for city government access. Saginaw Township has education access on Channel 98.

   

 Communities under the new law may assess an added 2 percent of a cable company's gross revenues, which in the city of Saginaw's case would come to about $185,000 per year, to support these channels, especially Channel 16. This cash could go for equipment and training, even for staffers who would affirmatively recruit non-profits and churches and local activists to get involved. City Hall would act as the conduit for the funds but a community group could take the lead, similar to the Human Planning Commission providing advice on the federal block grant budget.
     
This 2 percent PEG cable levy wouldn't be a tax, but it would be similar because Charter Communications could pass the cost to customers. A local elected official would be asking a constituent with expanded basic cable service, for example, to shell out roughly $1 per month for public access.
    
 So should the Saginaw City Council, down the road, vote for a PEG or not vote for a PEG?
    
 "Some people in the public might scream about that 2 percent, and so advocates of public access will need to present a good reason for having a PEG provision," says Jan Howard of Mount Pleasant, executive director of the Mid-Michigan Area Cable and
Telecommunications Consortium.
    
 The consortium guides cable access in Isabella, Clare and Gratiot counties. Howard also is a board member with the Michigan Alliance for Community Media. She was among advocates late last year that lobbied to help block proposals that would have cut back on access provisions.
    
 "Public access would provide funding for cameras and editing technology that local churches and non-profits can ill afford," Howard says.
   
 She has advice for dormant cable advocates.
   
  "Tell the public about the local animal shelter that wants to run an adopt-a-pet show, for example, or tell the public about the Girl Scout troop that is interested in producing a tape on first aid," Howard says. "Sell the benefits. Emphasize that if you have no funding, you will have no program."

Old hopes and dreams
     
Let's flash back to the middle 1980s. Saginaw city leaders were negotiating the first cable franchise agreement with the provider at the time, Cox Communications. A committee of agency and grassroots activists formed. They wanted their share of the pie, and they were strident in their demands.
   
  Cox proposed one shared access channel. The advocates weren't satisfied. They wanted three - one for city schools, one for city government, and one for public access. They wanted a studio, equipment, and a staff person to help them out. City Council members complied at the time, and Cox grudgingly accepted.
    
 The Saginaw School District developed the top-notch SETV, Saginaw Educational Television, and now Channel 3, which has won national accolades. (Note: Review Magazine will feature SETV in the next edition as a model for the potential of cable access.)
    
 City government produced the more modest SGTV, Saginaw Government Television on Channel 15, which basically has amounted to a scroll of community events and services. Programs such as Dateline City Hall fell by the wayside amid staffing cuts. But at least the City Council, unlike the Board of Education, has chosen to telecast its meetings.
    
 Public access? Channel 16 has offered virtually nothing but sporadic tapes from a handful of churches, including a source that submits videos of Minister Louis Farrakhan.
    
 "Back in the '80s, I believe the aspect that dissuaded a lot of groups was that you had to go through a certain amount of training to get the equipment and produce a video," says Ron Spess, director of the Saginaw County Youth Protection Council and also a longtime city school board member.
    
 "Any nonprofit could have done it, but most decided they didn't have time," Spess says. "I would be interested in exploring it again, because there has been such a shift in human services and it would be good to get information to the community."
    
 Spess suggests that various non-profits could work together. He cited the community's Homeless Coalition as one example, and United Way agencies as another.
   
  "That would be more cost-effective, and it would have more appeal to the general public," Spess said. "Instead of just having a video on the Youth Protection Council, we could have a video on the entire homeless situation."
   
  Renee Johnston, Saginaw Community Foundation president and CEO, says she is willing to explore public access but wonders whether a major impact would result.
   
  "I don't know if it would be widely used and accessed," Johnston says. "People look to television for their news and favorite programs, but more and more they go online for information. People even read the newspaper online. In speaking with the non-profits, their main interest is to explore and develop their web sites, because that's where people look nowadays. Most people who want information about the Community Foundation go directly to our web site."
    
 John Pugh's array of worthy causes includes the local NAACP's youth group, known as ACT-SO, which has guided teenagers to various national awards in the arts and sciences. The ACT-SO Jazz Ensemble has appeared at various community events. Two prot�g�s, pianist Richard Baskin Jr. and saxophonist Morgan McMillon recently won the $25,000 top prize at Showtime at the Apollo in New York City.
    
  "The cable company has made it difficult, but if I said I'm going to go ahead and make a tape, it would probably happen. I just haven't done it," says Pugh, a Delta College administrator.

A gradual disconnection
     
The Saginaw council's 1986 franchise agreement with Cox Cable was for 20 years, temporarily renewed through December 2007 with Charter Commutations.
   
  Mike Manley, the Saginaw School District's longtime spokesman, recalls the original arrangement with Cox Cable. Cox gave start-up money for a studio and equipment at the district's Media Center in the former South Elementary building on Elm near Gratiot to provide a launching pad for Saginaw Educational Television.  In exchange, the school system provided staff resources for citizens interested in public access.
    
 Cox Cable gave way to Bresnan, TCI, and now Charter Communications. Relations with the school district gradually eroded. Manley reported in 2004 that Charter Communications had failed for three years in a row to make a $15,000 annual payment. As a result, the school district ended support for public access.
    
 "The industry has changed," Manley says. "With Cox Cable, we had local support and a local person for public access. Everything now is more regional."
   
  A non-profit or church group that desires to reach public access now must produce its own tape and transport it to Charter Communication's Bay City office, says Emma Moore, an access advocate. She is a member of Living Waters Church of God in Christ, one of the congregations that participate.
    
 "We have the resources for our own productions, but a lot of smaller churches do not," Moore says.
   
  She protested once to the City Council three years ago, without results.
     
"We should be included in the negotiations for a new franchise agreement," Moore says. "All we're asking for is fairness, for the public to have a platform. We don't want to bash Charter Communications, but there should be a base for public access in Saginaw, because it's a Saginaw service."
     
At the same time, she admits she has few teammates among advocates. "There has been no initiative. It's been more of a complacent attitude, both on Charter's part and among the public," Moore says.
 
   "That's a shame, because public access could become a learning tool and a platform for more positive initiatives. We could have people watching public access instead of watching all those network crime shows."
   
 Vickie Jacobs, governmental affairs specialist in the Charter Communications regional Flint office, said she could not offer a direct response to the comments.
 
   "I am simply reluctant to comment on historical events for which I have no personal knowledge. We do not wish to comment on the 'here & now' until we have had a chance to completely digest the new legislation," says Jacobs, who came on board with Charter in 2004.
   
 "We did not ask for or support the new state law, but the fact remains it's a state law that we have to abide by."
 
   Fancher says City Hall will welcome suggestions from interested citizens.
     "We did not grant to Cox Cable or Charter Communications an exclusive franchise," Fancher notes.
 
"There is no legal barrier to another cable company coming in and setting up other service. In fact, we would be happy if they did. There is, of course, an economic disincentive. It would probably make both cable companies into losing ventures, and so it's a de facto economic monopoly."

Build it, We Will Come
    
Salvation Army Major Wayne Ruston offers an example of cable television's untapped potential through public access. His family arrived for his Saginaw assignment in the summer of 2003. He has opted not to purchase cable television, and the thought of promoting his church known for charity on an access channel did not occur until Review Magazine called.
  
  "Right now we're getting ready for a Saint Patrick's Day fund-raiser with Habitat for Humanity," Ruston said, referring to a Hot Wheels Races event that transpired before this edition went to press.
  
  "Television would be a perfect venue for promotion. If it's available, if we know it's there, if it's free of cost, if we know how it works, then we would be happy to use it."
                                              

If you wish to get involved in promoting cable TV public access, call Mike Thompson at 989-525-0189 or e-mail to mwtsaginaw@yahoo.com.)